Glossary of Ingredients

Noodles differ from other types of pasta and macaroni in that they always contain eggs or egg yolks. Purchase noodles dry or fresh in a wide array of shapes and textures. Store fresh noodles wrapped in plastic wrap in refrigerator up to 4 days. Dry noodles can be stored in a cool, dark place up to 6 months.
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Cloves, a rich, aromatic East African spice, are used whole or ground to flavor sweet and savory recipes.
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Tofu, also known as bean curd, is a soft, custardlike curd, made from the milky liquid extracted from fresh soybeans.
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Spinach is a vegetable with smooth or curly, oval green leaves and long stems. The smaller, more tender leaves, called baby spinach, are prized for salads. Avoid spinach that is bruised or slimy. Store in the refrigerator for up to 4 days. Fresh spinach is sandy, so rinse thoroughly before using.
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Parmesan cheese, a hard, thick-crusted Italian cow's milk cheese, has a sharp, salty, full flavor resulting from up to 2 years of aging. It takes its name from the city of Parma, though it originated midway between that city and Reggio, where the finest Italian variety, Parmigiano-Reggiano(r), is produced. Buy in block form, to grate fresh as needed.
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Kalamata olives is an almond-shaped Greek olive that ranges in length from 12 to 1 inch in length. It is a dark eggplant color and a rich, fruity flavor.
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Pepper, the most common of all savory spices, is best freshly ground, or coarsely cracked, or crushed, from whole peppercorns. Already ground pepper, black or white, is sold in grocery stores.
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Salt is available in several forms. Kosher salt, a coarse-grained salt without additives, is less salty than table salt. Sea salt, in coarse and fine grinds, is extracted from sea water and has a stronger flavor than table salt.
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Mozzarella cheese is a rindless white, mild-tasting Italian variety of cheese traditionally made from water buffalo's milk and sold fresh. Commercially produced cow's milk mozzarella is much more common, but less flavorful. Fresh mozzarella is sold immersed in water and should be drained before using. Small, bite-sized balls of fresh cheese are known as bocconcini. Mozzarella is also flavored and preserved by smoking, giving it a sturier texture and a deep yellowish brown color.
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Olive oil is pressed from the fruit of the olive tree. Olive oils range in flavor from mild to intensely fruity. Extra-virgin olive oil, extracted from olives on the first pressing without use of heat or chemicals, is prized for its pure, fruity taste and golden to pale green hue. It is often preferred over other types of olive oil for use in salad dressings and other cold dishes. The character of extra-virgin oil varies from brand to brand. Virgin olive oil has a less-refined flavor. Olive oil labeled "pure" is less aromatic and flavorful and is often used for general cooking purposes.
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